Calculate The Estimated Loading Time of Caustic Soda According on The Amount of Caustic Soda Loaded on MT AKRA 102

Sodium Hydroxide is a chemical with the chemical formula NaOH. At room temperature Sodium Hydroxide is a white powder (ATSDR, 2014), known as Caustic Soda, because it gives a burning effect on the skin and causes yellow spots on fabrics and paper (PHE, 2019). Caustic soda is included in the category of hazardous materials categorized by the International Maritime Organization when transported by ship. In order to reduce costs, it is sought to streamline the loading time of Caustic soda into the ship without ignoring the established safety procedures. For this reason, it is necessary to calculate the loading time, to ensure that the time required during the implementation of loading activities is not too much different from the predetermined time. To estimate the loading time can be done by calculating the maximum transfer rate of caustic soda can also be calculated based on time reports from previous loading activities. It is expected that with an estimate of loading time that can be calculated accurately based on the amount of caustic soda loaded, the calculation of costs associated with loading activities can be estimated more accurately.


INTRODUCTION
Sodium Hydroxide is a chemical with the chemical formula NaOH.At room temperature Sodium Hydroxide is an odorless white powder and is able to absorb air moisture (ATSDR, 2014).Sodium Hydroxide is also known as Caustic Soda, because it gives a burning effect on the skin and causes yellow spots on fabrics and paper (PHE, 2019).Caustic Soda is used in Industry Caustic soda is generally in the form of white solids, or powders, and can also be in the form of liquids (www.cargohandbook.com).
To reduce the cost of shipping Caustic soda from producers to consumers, one thing that can be done is to streamline the loading time of Caustic which are mostly used in the chemical industry which are useful in various fields of industry in daily life including being used as petroleum refiners, textile and cotton bleaching agents, cleaning fluid materials and other industrial purposes.Caustic soda is categorized of hazardous materials by the International Maritime Organization when shipped by ship.For shipments of Caustic Soda using ships, the ships used must use stainles steel material with a maximum Caustic Soda concentration of 50% at a temperature of 65-75 o C. The ship used must be cleaned by spraying hot water at 50 o C for 20 minutes, flushing using fresh water, draining tanks, pumps and loading pipelines.Personnel in charge handling Caustic Soda are required to have the qualifications set out in STCW Chapter V Section A-V and safety procedures must be strictly implemented.
The significance value of the Pearson correlation between loading time and the amount of Caustic Soda Cargo is 0.000 <0.05, which means H0 is accepted or there correlation between the amount of cargo and the loading time of Caustic Soda.The Pearson Correlation value is 0.840, indicating a very strong correlation between the amount of cargo and the loading time of Caustic Soda.Linear Regression Test Regression test is carried out by taking the variable Amount of Cargo of Caustic soda loads as the independent variable and the dependent variable is the Loading time of Caustic Soda.With hypothesis: H0 : The variable Amount Cargo of Caustic Soda has a relationship with the length of loading time and a linear regression model can be used to predict the variable loading time of Caustic Soda.H1 : The variable Amount Cargo of Caustic Soda has a relationship with the length of loading time and a linear regression model cannot be used to predict the variable loading time of Caustic Soda.H0 is rejected if the significance value > 0.05

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The Anova Significance value shows a value of 0.00 <0.05 which indicates that H0 accepted or the regression model can be used to predict Caustic soda loading time (Liters) According on the amount of Caustic Soda to be loaded (Hours) • Based on SPSS calculations, the (Fvalue) 48.042 > 4.351 (Ftable) so it can be concluded that the regression model can be used to predict the loading time of Caustic Soda Based on the significance value and comparison of the calculated (Fvalue) with the (Ftable) value, it can be concluded that the amount of Caustic soda load (X) can be used to predict the loading time of Caustic soda (Y).

Table 1 .
Descriptive Statistics soda into the ship without ignoring the established safety procedures.It is expected that with the shorter time required for the loading process, the costs charged to the loading operator are less and the cost of berthing at the port is also cheaper.For this reason, it is necessary to calculate the loading time, to ensure that the time required during the implementation of loading activities is not too much different from the predetermined time.To on Caustic Soda Loading Time, Kolmogorov-Smirnov Unstandardized Residual Normality Test.Data processing in statistically using IBM SPSS 23 software and using Microsoft Excel.3.RESULT AND DISCUSSIONKnowledgeof dangerous cargo plays a major role in the regulation of dangerous cargo for transportation safety (Zhang et al, 2019).Human factors are still the main cause of shipping accidents related to dangerous goods (Khan et al, 2022).A frequent violation is the presence of dangerous goods that are not informed in detail and transparently to the authorities (Maternova et al, 2022) International Maritime Organization (www.imo.org)classifies dangerous cargo into 9 (nine) categories.Caustic soda is classified into the 8th category because Casutic Soda is corrosive.If caustic soda swallowed can cause oesophageal necrosis, severe gastric injuries accompanied by gastrectomy and digiunostomy (Rodanelli et al, 2016), the level of injury due to ingestion of caustic soda depends on the concentration level of caustic soda and the duration of Caustic soda (Martínez-Caballero et al, 2020).Caustic soda when exposed to the skin can cause pain, burns, redness, irritation.Eye

Table 2 Test
Of Normality for Loading Time

Table 3
Test Of Normality for Amount Cargo of

Table 5
Model Summary

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The Significance value for the Constant is 0.000 < 0.05 and the significance value for the Amount of Cargo Caustic Soda is 0.000 < 0.05, so it can be concluded that the Amount of Cargo Caustic soda and the constant value have an influence on the loading time of Caustic soda • The (tvalue) for Constant is -6.727 < -2.086 (ttable) and the (tvalue) for Total Cargo Caustic Soda is 6.931 > 2.086 (ttable) so that the constant value and Total Cargo Caustic Soda give influence to the loading time of Caustic Soda.Test distribution is Normal.b.Calculated from data.c.Lilliefors Significance Correction.d.This is a lower bound of the true significance.